Evidence Toolkit  ›  Professional Learning

Professional Learning 7 interventions

How teachers actually get better at the job — not training days that vanish on Monday morning. Coaching conversations, lesson study cycles, observation routines, structured inquiry, and PD design that respects what we know about adult learning. All interventions cross-referenced to peer-reviewed meta-analyses where one exists. We have curated the Manning catalogue here for relevance, leaving out internal QA tools and operational utilities that do not function as teaching interventions.

Avg. effect (d): 0.43 across the 6 cards with a d-value Strongest: Pedagogical Content Knowledge Developer (d=0.52, Lynch et al. 2025) Note: EEF has no dedicated strand for any PD intervention — 6/7 cards are d-only Last reviewed: May 2026

How to read these numbers

  • "Months of progress" is a teacher-friendly shorthand from the EEF Toolkit. It is not directly comparable across studies — different meta-analyses use different baselines, age groups, and outcome measures. Treat it as a magnitude indicator, not a precise prediction.
  • Cohen's d is the standardised effect size used in the original meta-analyses. d ≈ 0.40 is Hattie's "hinge point" — the average effect of a year of schooling. Higher = larger relative effect, but context matters more than the number.
  • Effect sizes are averages. A skill that shows large average effects can still produce small or negative effects in a specific classroom. Use these as a starting point for professional judgment, not a substitute for it.
  • Sources are dated. Where multiple meta-analyses exist, we lead with the most recent quality study and cross-reference EEF where available.
  • Implementation cost (Low / Medium / High) is a practical signal — not an exact science — of what your school needs to invest in teacher time, training, and structural changes to actually run the intervention well. It is the editorial team's reading of what the intervention typically requires in practice. Use it to gauge whether something is straightforward to introduce or a larger undertaking — not as a budget figure.
  • Some interventions are also priced in £ (UK) by the EEF Toolkit. For monetary cost data, see the EEF Teaching & Learning Toolkit.
  • Colour bands signal calibration, not value. An intervention in the "below typical" band is not "bad" — it means the intervention's average effect is below the typical effect of a year of schooling. That can still be appropriate for specific contexts the average does not capture.
Professional Learning

Professional Development Session Designer

Design PD sessions that actually change practice — built around the four IMTP mechanisms (Insight, Motivation, Techniques, Practice) rather than the usual 'sit and get'. Sustained over time, with deliberate practice between sessions and clear classroom techniques teachers can use on Monday.

no EEF strand
d = 0.21Lynch, Gonzalez, Hill & Merritt, AERA Open2025
MediumImplementation
CPDprofessional-developmentTimperleyadult-learningINSETstaff-training
Professional Learning

Instructional Coaching Conversation Guide

Structure coaching conversations that actually move practice — observation evidence, focused goals, specific techniques to try, and follow-up — instead of vague 'how did that feel?' chats. Built on Knight-style instructional coaching with a feedback loop that respects teacher autonomy.

no EEF strand
d = 0.49Kraft, Blazar & Hogan, Review of Educational Research2018
HighImplementation
coachinginstructional-coachingKnightprofessional-learningfeedbackdialogue
Professional Learning

Lesson Study Cycle Designer

Design a full lesson study cycle — shared learning goal, collaborative planning, research lesson with observers, structured debrief, refined re-teach — built on the Japanese jugyou kenkyuu tradition rather than a one-off 'observe each other once' exercise.

no EEF strand
d = 0.47Täschner, Dicke, Reinhold & Holzberger, Review of Educational Research2025
HighImplementation
lesson-studyjugyou-kenkyuucollaborative-planningresearch-lessonprofessional-learning
Professional Learning

Teacher Inquiry Cycle Designer

Design a structured teacher inquiry cycle — Timperley's spiral or an action-research loop — that starts from real student-learning evidence, moves through collaborative interpretation, agreed action, and re-measurement, instead of vague 'reflection' that never closes the loop.

no EEF strand
d = 0.41Ansyari et al., Studies in Educational Evaluation2025
HighImplementation
inquiryTimperleypractitioner-researchaction-researchdata-informedprofessional-learning
Professional Learning

Lesson Observation Protocol Designer

Design observation protocols with subject-specific look-fors and a feedback structure that supports growth rather than judgement — paired observation, non-evaluative debrief, agreed next step. The observation is for the observed teacher's learning, not the observer's checklist.

no EEF strand
d = 0.49Kraft, Blazar & Hogan, Review of Educational Research2018
MediumImplementation
observationlook-forsfeedbackprofessional-developmentevidence-based
Professional Learning

Pedagogical Content Knowledge Developer

Build the specific knowledge teachers need to teach their subject well — common misconceptions, productive analogies, the order to introduce ideas, the bits that always trip students up. Shulman's PCK: not just knowing the content, knowing how to teach it.

no EEF strand
d = 0.52Lynch, Gonzalez, Hill & Merritt, AERA Open2025
HighImplementation
PCKpedagogical-content-knowledgeteacher-developmentcontent-knowledgemisconceptionsShulmanprofessional-learningknowledge-contingent
Professional Learning

Reflective Practice Prompt Generator

Generate structured reflection prompts that move teachers beyond 'how did it go?' — Schön-style reflection on action, specific incidents, evidence-anchored thinking, and concrete next-step commitment. Built for journaling, coaching debriefs, or end-of-term cycles.

no EEF strand
no independent meta-analysis found
LowImplementation
reflectionSchönTimperleyreflective-practiceprofessional-learningjournaling

Interrogate any educational claim

Heard a claim somewhere else? Type it here — we'll build a prompt you can paste into ChatGPT, Claude, or any chatbot. The prompt asks the model to cite real meta-analyses, separate strong from weak evidence, name boundary conditions, flag exaggerations, and discuss cost-effectiveness.

Sources & further reading